Bukatun gabaɗaya don kayan da ke hana ruwa shiga tanderun lantarki sune:
(1) Ya kamata ƙarfin juriya ya yi yawa. Zafin baka ya wuce 4000°C, kuma zafin aikin ƙarfe shine 1500~1750°C, wani lokacin har zuwa 2000°C, don haka ana buƙatar kayan juriya don samun ƙarfin juriya mai yawa.
(2) Ya kamata zafin laushin da ke ƙarƙashin kaya ya yi yawa. Tanderun lantarki yana aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa, kuma jikin tanderun dole ne ya jure wa yashewar ƙarfe mai narkewa, don haka ana buƙatar kayan da ke hana ruwa don samun zafin laushin kaya mai yawa.
(3) Ƙarfin matsi ya kamata ya yi yawa. Rufin tanderun lantarki yana shafar tasirin caji yayin caji, matsin lamba na tsaye na ƙarfe mai narkewa yayin narkewa, yashwa na kwararar ƙarfe yayin taɓawa, da girgizar injiniya yayin aiki. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar kayan da ke hana ruwa shiga don samun ƙarfin matsi mai yawa.
(4) Ya kamata ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya zama ƙarami. Domin rage asarar zafi na tanderun lantarki da kuma rage amfani da wutar lantarki, ana buƙatar kayan da ke hana dumama su kasance marasa kyawun ƙarfin wutar lantarki, wato, ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya kamata ya zama ƙarami.
(5) Ya kamata kwanciyar hankali na zafi ya zama mai kyau. Cikin 'yan mintuna kaɗan daga taɓawa zuwa caji a cikin injin yin ƙarfe na wutar lantarki, zafin jiki yana raguwa sosai daga kusan 1600°C zuwa ƙasa da 900°C, don haka ana buƙatar kayan da ba su da ƙarfi don samun kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na zafi.
(6) Ƙarfin juriyar tsatsa. A lokacin aikin ƙera ƙarfe, tarkacen ƙarfe, iskar gas tanderu da ƙarfe mai narkewa duk suna da tasirin zaizayar sinadarai mai ƙarfi akan kayan da ke hana tsatsa, don haka ana buƙatar kayan da ke hana tsatsa don samun kyakkyawan juriyar tsatsa.
Zaɓin kayan da ba su da ƙarfi don bangon gefe
Ana amfani da tubalin MgO-C galibi don gina bangon gefe na tanderun lantarki ba tare da bangon sanyaya ruwa ba. Wuraren zafi da layukan tsagewa suna da yanayi mafi tsanani na aiki. Ba wai kawai ƙarfe da tsagewa sun lalace sosai ba, haka kuma suna da mummunan tasiri a kan injina lokacin da aka ƙara tarkace, har ma suna fuskantar hasken zafi daga baka. Saboda haka, waɗannan sassan an gina su da tubalin MgO-C tare da kyakkyawan aiki.
Ga bangon gefe na tanderun lantarki masu bangon sanyaya ruwa, saboda amfani da fasahar sanyaya ruwa, nauyin zafi yana ƙaruwa kuma yanayin amfani ya fi tsauri. Saboda haka, ya kamata a zaɓi tubalan MgO-C masu juriya ga slag, kwanciyar hankali na girgizar zafi da kuma yawan watsawar zafi. Yawan sinadarin carbon da ke cikinsu shine 10% ~ 20%.
Kayan da ke hana ruwa shiga bangon gefe na tanderun lantarki masu ƙarfi sosai
Bango na gefen tanderun lantarki masu ƙarfi (UHP tanderun) galibi ana gina su ne da tubalin MgO-C, kuma wuraren zafi da layin slag an gina su da tubalin MgO-C masu inganci (kamar tubalin MgO-C mai cikakken carbon matrix). Yana inganta rayuwar sabis ɗinsa sosai.
Duk da cewa an rage nauyin bangon tanderu saboda inganta hanyoyin aiki na tanderu na lantarki, har yanzu yana da wahala ga kayan da ke hana ruwa tsayawa su tsawaita tsawon lokacin aiki na wuraren zafi yayin aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin narkewar tanderu na UHP. Saboda haka, an haɓaka fasahar sanyaya ruwa kuma an yi amfani da ita. Ga tanderu na lantarki ta amfani da tapping na EBT, yankin sanyaya ruwa ya kai kashi 70%, wanda hakan ke rage yawan amfani da kayan da ke hana ruwa shiga. Fasahar sanyaya ruwa ta zamani tana buƙatar tubalin MgO-C tare da ingantaccen watsa wutar lantarki. Ana amfani da tubalin asfalti, tubalin magnesia da aka haɗa da resin da tubalin MgO-C (abin da ke cikin carbon 5%-25%) don gina bangon gefen tanderu na lantarki. A ƙarƙashin yanayin iskar shaka mai tsanani, ana ƙara antioxidants.
Ga wuraren da suka fi fuskantar mummunan lalacewa sakamakon redox reactions, ana amfani da tubalin MgO-C mai manyan magnesite mai hade da crystalline a matsayin kayan aiki, abubuwan da ke cikin carbon fiye da 20%, da kuma cikakken matrix na carbon don gini.
Sabuwar ci gaban tubalin MgO-C don tanderun lantarki na UHP shine amfani da wutar lantarki mai zafi sosai sannan a saka shi da kwalta don samar da abin da ake kira tubalin MgO-C mai ƙonewa da aka saka a kwalta. Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga Tebur na 2, idan aka kwatanta da tubalin da ba a saka ba, ragowar sinadarin carbon na tubalin MgO-C mai ƙonewa bayan an saka kwalta da sake haɗa shi da kwalta yana ƙaruwa da kusan kashi 1%, porosity yana raguwa da kashi 1%, kuma ƙarfin lanƙwasa mai zafi da juriya ga matsi ya inganta sosai, don haka yana da ƙarfi sosai.
Kayan Magnesium masu tsaurin kai don bangon gefen tanda na lantarki
An raba layukan tanderun lantarki zuwa alkaline da acidic. Na farko yana amfani da kayan alkaline masu hana ruwa (kamar magnesia da kayan MgO-CaO masu hana ruwa) a matsayin rufin tanderun, yayin da na biyun yana amfani da tubalin silica, yashi quartz, laka fari, da sauransu don gina rufin tanderun.
Lura: Don kayan rufin tanderu, tanderun lantarki na alkaline suna amfani da kayan hana alkaline, kuma tanderun lantarki na acidic suna amfani da kayan hana acidic.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-12-2023
